The role of the King in Spain is mainly ceremonial and symbolic, as the country is a parliamentary monarchy. This means that although the King is the head of state, his functions are limited and regulated by the 1978 Constitution. Below are some of the King’s functions and responsibilities:
- Representation of the State: The King acts as the representative of the Spanish State in official acts, both nationally and internationally. This includes receiving heads of state and other foreign authorities.
- Constitutional functions: According to the Constitution, the King sanctions and promulgates the laws approved by the Cortes Generales (the Spanish Parliament), as well as the decrees and provisions of the Government.
- Appointments: The King has the power to appoint the President of the Government, who must have the confidence of the Congress of Deputies. He also appoints other senior officials, such as members of the Constitutional Court and the General Council of the Judiciary.
- Council of Ministers: The King symbolically presides over the meetings of the Council of Ministers in which the Government’s agreements are formalized, although he does not have an active role in decision-making.
- Mediator and symbol of unity: The King presents himself as a symbol of unity and permanence of the State, acting as a mediator in times of crisis or political conflict.
- Ceremonial functions: He participates in a variety of ceremonial acts, such as the opening of sessions of Parliament, the celebration of the National Day and other official events.
- International relations: The King plays a role in promoting international relations and diplomacy, participating in state visits and the signing of treaties.
It is important to note that, although the King has a relevant role in the institutional life of the country, his actions must always be in accordance with the Constitution and the decisions of the Government, which limits his ability to directly intervene in political matters.